Vol. 6, Issue 2, Part A (2024)

Background: The study investigates the knowledge of overweight and obesity among young adults (20-40 years old) attending a primary healthcare center (PHCC) in Baghdad, Iraq. The research aims to identify information sources, assess knowledge levels, and explore potential associations between socio-demographic characteristics and knowledge scores.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire distributed to 324 participants. The questionnaire covered demographics, main sources of information about obesity, and knowledge of various aspects related to the condition (definitions, causes, health risks, and management strategies). Data analysis included descriptive statistics and inferential tests to identify knowledge gaps and potential demographic influences.
Results: The internet emerged as the primary source of information on obesity (23.6%), followed by traditional media and informal channels. Healthcare professionals were a less frequent source. Over 80% of participants recognized the roles of diet, physical inactivity, and genetics in weight gain. Knowledge about specific diagnostic methods (waist-to-hip ratio, waist circumference) and optimal dietary practices (portion control, benefits of fruits and vegetables) was lower. Scores revealed no significant differences in knowledge by gender or age group. However, individuals with higher education and employed individuals demonstrated significantly higher knowledge levels compared to unemployed or those with lower educational attainment.
Conclusion: This study highlights the need for improved public health strategies to educate young adults about obesity. Healthcare professionals, educational institutions, and media outlets can play a crucial role in disseminating accurate information. The findings also suggest tailoring interventions based on educational background and employment status to address knowledge gaps and empower young adults to make informed choices for healthy weight management.